This paper is a collaboration between Renew-PV members from Algeria and Romania. The article, published in the Brazilian Journal of Physics (2026), reports on the fabrication and characterization of molecular ink spray-coated Cu₂CoSnS₄ thin films as non-toxic, sulfurization-free absorbers for solar cells. The study presents a comprehensive structural, optical, and electrical analysis of films deposited at different substrate temperatures, highlighting improved crystallinity and reduced impurities at 140 °C. Despite stoichiometric deviations and a p-to-n conductivity transition, the work provides valuable insight into optimizing deposition parameters for environmentally friendly, scalable absorber layers in photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices. 

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